Recently, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) have been integrated with membrane bioreactors (MBRs), either in an internal or an external configuration, for wastewater treatment and energy recovery. In an external configuration, MFCs could be applied for an efficient sludge reduction since they can simultaneously address energy issue and environmental concerns associated with sludge treatment. In the… Continue reading Microbial fuel cell technology as a downstream process of a membrane bioreactor for sludge reduction